FWIW:
start here...there are many links, and most are very interesting. LEO use intimidation, period, to get people to give up their rights, and 99 percent of the time, it works. The LEO must have probable cause to detain AND search you. Of course, he/she can lie, just as you can, and you may end up in court. But if the cop is a liar, and you get a good attorney, you should win.
http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=3405
The ACLU has a video that shows exactly what to do when pulled over. I apologize; i cant find it online - maybe someone knows the link. But it is simple and direct:
-If not told, ask why you are being pulled over.
-let the LEO do his ticket thing/background check, etc, and if he asks to search, your answer is a very polite, "I respect that your are doing job , but i do NOT give consent to search my vehicle or belongings. " Then, and this is key , you MUST say something to the effect of:
"I do not consent to a search of my [person, baggage, purse, luggage, vehicle, house, blood], etc.
"I do not consent to this contact and do not want to answer any questions. If I am not under arrest, I would like to go now (or be left alone)"
If you are detained, LEO must have probable cause. As bad as this country has become, LEO cannot simply stop AND detain people just because he wants to (anymore than you can walk up to someone and detain them - which is called kidnapping or some variation of it).
He can certainly stop a car for any reason, real or conjured, but the law says he canNOT detain or search you without cause. The law is in YOUR favor if there is no probable cause.
I aint a lawyer, and i dont play one in TV, but i have researched this a bit.
If the LEO is gunna search, he best to have actual probable cause SO LONG as you do NOT give consent to search no matter what. And that means, even if you have an uzi at your side and a lit blunt hanging out of your mug, you STILL do not give consent, period.
Granted, in the case of the uzi, you may find that your RD is the least of your worries and you will extricated from your vehicle without a lot of fanfare, but alas, i digress...
One more thing: NEVER EVER give consent to search ANYTHING, EVER.




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